![]() The shell of a bivalve is composed of calcium carbonate, and consists of two, usually similar, parts called valves. ![]() The shipworms bore into wood, clay, or stone and live inside these substances. Some bivalves, such as the scallops and file shells, can swim. Others lie on the sea floor or attach themselves to rocks or other hard surfaces. Most bivalves bury themselves in sediment, where they are relatively safe from predation. ![]() The gills have evolved into ctenidia, specialised organs for feeding and breathing. They include the clams, oysters, cockles, mussels, scallops, and numerous other families that live in saltwater, as well as a number of families that live in freshwater. As a group, bivalves have no head and they lack some usual molluscan organs, like the radula and the odontophore. Bivalvia ( / b aɪ ˈ v æ l v i ə/), in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class of marine and freshwater molluscs that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consisting of two hinged parts.
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